First.

.gitignore

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+build/

log.h

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+#ifndef LOG_H
+#define LOG_H
+
+#include <ctime>    // 使用 std::time 和 std::strftime
+#include <cstdio>   // 使用 printf
+#include <cstdarg>  // 使用 va_list 和 va_start
+#include <mutex>    // 使用 std::mutex
+
+// 定义打印等级
+#define LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG   0
+#define LOG_LEVEL_INFO    1
+#define LOG_LEVEL_WARN    2
+#define LOG_LEVEL_ERROR   3
+
+// 默认日志等级为INFO
+#ifndef LOG_LEVEL
+#define LOG_LEVEL LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG
+#endif
+
+// 颜色配置：用户空间启用颜色
+#define LOG_COLOR true
+
+// 颜色宏定义
+#if LOG_COLOR
+#define RESET_COLOR    "\033[0m"
+#define COLOR_DEBUG    "\033[34m"  // 蓝色
+#define COLOR_INFO     "\033[32m"  // 绿色
+#define COLOR_WARN     "\033[33m"  // 黄色
+#define COLOR_ERROR    "\033[31m"  // 红色
+#else
+#define RESET_COLOR    ""
+#define COLOR_DEBUG    ""
+#define COLOR_INFO     ""
+#define COLOR_WARN     ""
+#define COLOR_ERROR    ""
+#endif
+
+// 获取当前时间的字符串（用户空间实现）
+inline const char* current_time() {
+    static char buffer[64];
+    std::time_t now = std::time(nullptr);
+    std::tm* tm_now = std::localtime(&now);
+
+    std::strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", tm_now);
+    return buffer;
+}
+
+// 定义一个静态互斥锁，保证线程安全
+static std::mutex log_mutex;
+
+// 定义一个外部 FILE 变量，可以用来切换输出目标
+extern FILE* log_output;  // 默认为 stdout
+
+// 用户空间打印日志
+#define LOG(level, format, ...) do {\
+if (level >= LOG_LEVEL) {\
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(log_mutex);  /* 自动锁住互斥锁 */\
+        const char *level_str;\
+        const char *color;\
+        switch (level) {\
+        case LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG: level_str = "[DEBUG]"; color = COLOR_DEBUG; break;\
+        case LOG_LEVEL_INFO:  level_str = "[INFO]"; color = COLOR_INFO; break;\
+        case LOG_LEVEL_WARN:  level_str = "[WARN]"; color = COLOR_WARN; break;\
+        case LOG_LEVEL_ERROR: level_str = "[ERROR]"; color = COLOR_ERROR; break;\
+            default: level_str = "[UNKNOWN]"; color = ""; break;\
+    }\
+        fprintf(log_output, "%s%s %s %s:%d - ", color, current_time(), level_str, __FILE__, __LINE__);\
+        fprintf(log_output, format, ##__VA_ARGS__);  /* 打印日志信息 */\
+        fprintf(log_output, "%s\n", RESET_COLOR);\
+        fflush(log_output);  /* 强制刷新到指定输出目标 */\
+}\
+} while (0)
+
+// 简便宏，用于各个等级的日志
+#define LOG_DEBUG(format, ...) LOG(LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, format, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define LOG_INFO(format, ...)  LOG(LOG_LEVEL_INFO, format, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define LOG_WARN(format, ...)  LOG(LOG_LEVEL_WARN, format, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define LOG_ERROR(format, ...) LOG(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, format, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#endif // LOG_H

main.cpp

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+#include "mainwindow.h"
+
+#include <QApplication>
+
+FILE* log_output = stdout;
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    QApplication a(argc, argv);
+    MainWindow w;
+    w.show();
+    return a.exec();
+}

mainwindow.cpp

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+#include "mainwindow.h"
+#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
+
+MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
+    : QMainWindow(parent)
+    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
+{
+    ui->setupUi(this);
+
+
+}
+
+MainWindow::~MainWindow()
+{
+    delete ui;
+}
+
+void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()
+{
+    nh = new NetlinkHandler(this);
+
+    connect(nh,&NetlinkHandler::errorOccurred,this,&MainWindow::onLogPrint);
+    connect(nh,&NetlinkHandler::messageReceived,this,&MainWindow::onLogRev);
+
+    int protocalID = ui->lineEdit->text().toInt();
+    nh->init(protocalID);
+}
+
+void MainWindow::onLogPrint(const QString &msg){
+    QDateTime cur = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
+    QString tmp =cur.toString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
+    ui->textBrowser->append(tmp+" [ERROR] --> "+msg);
+}
+
+void MainWindow::onLogRev(const QByteArray &data){
+    QDateTime cur = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
+    QString tmp =cur.toString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
+    QString data_;
+    for(int i =0;i<data.length();i++){
+        data_+=QString("%1").arg(static_cast<quint8>(data.at(i)), 2, 16, QChar('0'));
+        if (i < data.size() - 1) {
+            data_ += " ";
+        }
+    }
+
+    ui->textBrowser->append(tmp+" [REV] --> "+data_.toUpper());
+}
+
+void MainWindow::on_pushButton_2_clicked()
+{
+    QString tmp=ui->textEdit->toPlainText();
+    nh->sendMessage(tmp.toUtf8());
+    for(int i=0;i<tmp.length();i++){
+        LOG_DEBUG("Send data is 0x%x",tmp.toUtf8().constData()[i]);
+    }
+}
+

mainwindow.h

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+#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
+#define MAINWINDOW_H
+
+#include <QMainWindow>
+#include "netlinkhandler.h"
+#include "QDateTime"
+
+QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace Ui {
+class MainWindow;
+}
+QT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+
+public:
+    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
+    ~MainWindow();
+
+public slots:
+    void onLogPrint(const QString &msg);
+    void onLogRev(const QByteArray &data);
+
+private slots:
+    void on_pushButton_clicked();
+
+    void on_pushButton_2_clicked();
+
+private:
+    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
+    NetlinkHandler  *nh;
+};
+#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.ui

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<ui version="4.0">
+ <class>MainWindow</class>
+ <widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow">
+  <property name="geometry">
+   <rect>
+    <x>0</x>
+    <y>0</y>
+    <width>800</width>
+    <height>600</height>
+   </rect>
+  </property>
+  <property name="windowTitle">
+   <string>MainWindow</string>
+  </property>
+  <widget class="QWidget" name="centralwidget">
+   <layout class="QGridLayout" name="gridLayout">
+    <item row="2" column="0">
+     <widget class="QTextEdit" name="textEdit"/>
+    </item>
+    <item row="0" column="0">
+     <widget class="QLabel" name="label">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>protocol ID:</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item row="1" column="0" colspan="2">
+     <widget class="QPushButton" name="pushButton">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>Init</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item row="2" column="1">
+     <widget class="QPushButton" name="pushButton_2">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>Send</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item row="0" column="1">
+     <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>16</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item row="3" column="0" colspan="2">
+     <widget class="QTextBrowser" name="textBrowser"/>
+    </item>
+   </layout>
+  </widget>
+  <widget class="QMenuBar" name="menubar">
+   <property name="geometry">
+    <rect>
+     <x>0</x>
+     <y>0</y>
+     <width>800</width>
+     <height>22</height>
+    </rect>
+   </property>
+  </widget>
+  <widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusbar"/>
+ </widget>
+ <resources/>
+ <connections/>
+</ui>

netlinkhandler.cpp

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+#include "netlinkhandler.h"
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <QDebug>
+
+NetlinkHandler::NetlinkHandler(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent) {}
+
+NetlinkHandler::~NetlinkHandler()
+{
+    closeSocket();
+}
+
+bool NetlinkHandler::init(int protocol)
+{
+    LOG_DEBUG("protoal is %d",protocol);
+    if (!createSocket(protocol)) {
+        emit errorOccurred("Failed to create netlink socket");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    m_notifier = new QSocketNotifier(m_sock, QSocketNotifier::Read, this);
+    connect(m_notifier, &QSocketNotifier::activated, this, &NetlinkHandler::onSocketReadyRead);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool NetlinkHandler::createSocket(int protocol)
+{
+    m_sock = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, protocol);
+    if (m_sock < 0) return false;
+
+    sockaddr_nl local = {};
+    local.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
+    local.nl_pid = getpid(); // 用户态PID
+    local.nl_groups = 0;
+
+    if (bind(m_sock, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&local), sizeof(local)) < 0) {
+        close(m_sock);
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+void NetlinkHandler::closeSocket()
+{
+    if (m_sock >= 0) {
+        ::close(m_sock);
+        m_sock = -1;
+    }
+}
+
+bool NetlinkHandler::sendMessage(const QByteArray &msg)
+{
+    if (m_sock < 0) return false;
+
+    struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
+    struct sockaddr_nl kernel = {};
+    struct iovec iov;
+    struct msghdr message = {};
+
+    char buffer[4096] = {};
+
+    nlh = reinterpret_cast<struct nlmsghdr*>(buffer);
+    nlh->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(msg.size());
+    nlh->nlmsg_pid = getpid();
+    nlh->nlmsg_flags = 0;
+
+    memcpy(NLMSG_DATA(nlh), msg.data(), msg.size());
+
+    kernel.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
+
+    iov.iov_base = nlh;
+    iov.iov_len = nlh->nlmsg_len;
+
+    message.msg_name = &kernel;
+    message.msg_namelen = sizeof(kernel);
+    message.msg_iov = &iov;
+    message.msg_iovlen = 1;
+
+    return sendmsg(m_sock, &message, 0) >= 0;
+}
+
+void NetlinkHandler::onSocketReadyRead()
+{
+    char buffer[4096] = {};
+    int len = recv(m_sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
+    if (len < 0) {
+        emit errorOccurred("recv failed");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    struct nlmsghdr *nlh = reinterpret_cast<struct nlmsghdr*>(buffer);
+    if (NLMSG_OK(nlh, len)) {
+        QByteArray data(reinterpret_cast<char*>(NLMSG_DATA(nlh)), nlh->nlmsg_len - NLMSG_HDRLEN);
+        emit messageReceived(data);
+    }
+}

netlinkhandler.h

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+#ifndef NETLINKHANDLER_H
+#define NETLINKHANDLER_H
+
+#include <QObject>
+#include <QSocketNotifier>
+#include <QByteArray>
+#include "log.h"
+
+class NetlinkHandler : public QObject
+{
+    Q_OBJECT
+public:
+    explicit NetlinkHandler(QObject *parent = nullptr);
+    ~NetlinkHandler();
+
+    bool init(int protocol = 16); // 默认为 NETLINK_USERSOCK
+    bool sendMessage(const QByteArray &msg);
+    int socketFd() const { return m_sock; }
+
+signals:
+    void messageReceived(const QByteArray &msg);
+    void errorOccurred(const QString &err);
+
+private slots:
+    void onSocketReadyRead();
+
+private:
+    int m_sock = -1;
+    QSocketNotifier *m_notifier = nullptr;
+
+    bool createSocket(int protocol);
+    void closeSocket();
+};
+
+#endif // NETLINKHANDLER_H

upper_netlink.pro

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+QT       += core gui
+
+greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets
+
+CONFIG += c++17
+
+# You can make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
+# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
+#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0
+
+SOURCES += \
+    main.cpp \
+    mainwindow.cpp \
+    netlinkhandler.cpp
+
+HEADERS += \
+    log.h \
+    mainwindow.h \
+    netlinkhandler.h
+
+FORMS += \
+    mainwindow.ui
+
+# Default rules for deployment.
+qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
+else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
+!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target

upper_netlink.pro.user

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
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